题目

Since the first Earth Day in 1970,American have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment . “We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.  But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement .Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many ,many times,” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor fro 细品寂寞 　　①人生在世，既不甘寂寞，又要耐得寂寞。既“不甘”又“耐得”，似乎冰炭不同炉，实则辩证统一。耐得寂寞是专心求一，厚实的底蕴在寂寞中沉淀，深邃的思想在寂寞中孕育，坚韧的意志在寂寞中磨炼；不甘寂寞是奋发向上，如火的激情在不甘中燃烧，惊人的创造在不甘中迸发，追求的目标在不甘中接近。“耐得”常务实，“不甘”促飞跃。“不甘”须“耐得”垫底，“耐得”须“不甘”引领。“不甘”与“耐得”两相交织，两者兼备，才能登得上乘境界。 　　②“巴蜀鬼才”魏明伦甘于寂寞，7岁学戏，9岁成为四川自贡市川剧团的“九龄童”，工龄四十多年，居然没有换过供职单住。他不甘寂寞，以“九部大戏、几卷杂文、两打碑赋”名扬天下。 　　③袁隆平甘于寂寞，风里来雨里去研究杂交水稻；不甘寂寞，时刻瞄准更高的目标。 　　④耐得寂寞，非是隐形遁迹，枯槁心灵；不甘寂寞，也非好高骛远，四面出击，而是专攻与博取同存，冷静与激情共聚，埋头与抬头互辅。对寂寞“耐得”和“不甘”，是人生的清醒之为，境界之为。境界到了，功夫到了，“耐得”和“不甘”，便成了腾飞之两翼，左右相助，得心应手，获得事业的成功和人生的辉煌。 1．请你结合第①自然段的内容理解画线句的含义。 2．第②③自然段运用了哪种论证方法？请简要分析其特点和作用。