If the radius(半径) of circle Ⅲ in the figure3(图3) is of the radius of circle Ⅱ,and the radius of circle Ⅱ is of the radius of circle Ⅰ,then the area of the shaded region iswhat part of the area of circle Ⅰ?( ) (A); (B);(C);(D) 答案:,AWhen most of us hear the word chocolate, the verb that
comes to mind is probably “eat”, not “drink”, and the most proper adjective
would seem to be “sweet”. But for about 90 percent of chocolate’s long history,
it was strictly a beverage (饮料), and sugar didn’t have
anything to do with it.
The Origin of Chocolate
Many modern historians have estimated that chocolate
has been around for about 2000 years, but recent research suggests that it may
be even older.
In the book The True History of Chocolate, authors
Sophie and Michael Coe prove that the earliest linguistic (语言学的) evidence of chocolate consumption dates back three
or even four thousand years.
Valuable and Fashionable Chocolate Beverage
It’s hard to discover exactly when chocolate was born,
but it’s clear that it was cherished from the start. For several centuries in
pre-modern Latin America, cacao beans were considered valuable enough to use as
currency. 100 beans could purchase a good turkey hen, according to a
16th-century Aztec document.
Sweetened chocolate didn’t appear until Europeans
discovered the Americas and sampled (品尝) the native
cuisine. Chocolate didn’t suit the foreigners’ taste at first — one described
it in his writings as “a bitter drink for pigs” — but once mixed with honey or
cane sugar, it quickly became popular throughout Spain. By the 17th century, chocolate
was a fashionable drink throughout Europe, believed to have nutritious,
medicinal functions. But it remained largely a privilege of the rich until the
invention of the steam engine made mass production possible in the late 1700s.
The Birth of Solid Chocolate
In 1828, a Dutch chemist found a way to make powdered
chocolate. His product became known as “Dutch cocoa”, and it soon led to the
creation of solid chocolate. In 1847, Joseph Fry created the first modern
chocolate bar. By 1868, a little company called Cadbury was marketing boxes of
chocolate candies in England. Milk chocolate hit the market a few years later.
Prosperous Chocolate Industry
In America, chocolate was so valued during the
Revolutionary War that it was used instead of wages. Even now, statistics show
that the humble cacao bean is still a powerful economic force. Chocolate
manufacturing is a more than 4-billion-dollar industry in the United States,
and the average American eats at least half a pound of the stuff per month.
1.The earliest chocolate was most probably _________.
A. a dish B.
a drink C.
a bar D.
a candy
2. It can be inferred from the passage that
________________.
A. the history of chocolate is at most 4,000 years.
B. people around the world could buy things with
chocolate.
C. chocolate was well paid attention to since it was
born.
D. an American at least eats a pound of chocolate per
month.
3.Why did chocolate suit the Spanish’s taste so
quickly? _________
A. Because chocolate was so tasty and bitter.
B. Because chocolate was believed to be a source of
nutrition.
C. Because chocolate was sweetened with honey or cane
sugar.
D. Because chocolate became a fashionable beverage.
4.Which one shows the correct order according to the
time of their appearing? _________
A. chocolate beverage----chocolate bar----chocolate
candies----milk chocolate
B. chocolate bar----chocolate beverage----chocolate
candies----milk chocolate
C. chocolate bar ----chocolate candies ----milk
chocolate ---- chocolate beverage
D. chocolate beverage ----chocolate
candies----chocolate bar---- milk chocolate